in Greece of Acts 20:3 would fall in the winter and early spring of 55–56 or 56–57. We conclude that—within the period extending from late 54 to early 59 within which its composition must certainly fall—the Epistle to the Romans was most probably written either during the period comprising the last days of 55 and the early weeks of 56 or during that of the last days of 56 and the early weeks of 57. The Epistle to the Romans is our earliest witness to the existence of a church